Reaction product of an organic diisocyanate with a primary phosphine or primary phosphine oxide



United States Patent REACTION PRODUCT OF AN ORGANIC DHSOCY- ANATE WITH A PRIMARY PHOSPHINE OR PRIMARY PHOSPHINE OXIDE Sheldon A. Buckler and Martin Epstein, Stamford, Conn., assignors to American Cyanamid Company, Stamford, Conn., a corporation of Maine No Drawing. Filed July 13, 1964, Ser. No. 382,412

Claims. (Cl. 2602) The instant application is a continuation-in-part of copending US. .application Serial No. 74,233, filed December 7, 1960, and now abandoned.

The present invention relates to organophosphorus polymeric compounds. More particularly, the instant discovery concerns tertiary phosphine and tertiary phosphine oxide condensation polymers, i.e., linear polyamides, of the formula 0 On 0 H HNJLl lLl-R' wherein R is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted, branched and straight chain alkyl (C -C substituted and unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, R is arylene, substituted and unsubstituted, alkylene (cg-C10), substituted and unsubstituted, n equals 0 or 1, and x is a value for the above recurring units of at least 3 and up to 4,000, or

more.

Pursuant to the instant invention a primary phosphine or a primary phosphine oxide is reacted with a diisocyanate as follows:

R, R, n and x in the equation have the meaning given in the novel product formula above.

Typical embodiments of the present invention may be represented as follows:

r ii 0 i H C L Ha x A wide range of temperatures may be employed for the reactions contemplated herein. Generally, a temperature in the range of 20 C. to 200 C., preferably 25 C. to 100 C., is employed.

The reactants are usually brought together in stoichioice metric amounts, i.e., 1 mole of diisocyanate per mole of primary phosphine or primary phosphine oxide. However, a stoichiometric excess of either reactant is contemplated herein and the amount of excess is governed by practicality with respect to yield, ease of operation, and the like.

As suggested hereinabove, the catalyst employed according to the present invention may be a tertiary amine. Typical tertiary amines are triethylenediamine, tri(lower) alkylamines, such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine and tributylamine, N-ethylmorpholine, 1,4- dimethylpiperazine, 1,2,4-trimethylpiperazine, and the like. Still other catalysts contemplated herein are dibutyl tin diacetate, dibutyl tin dilaurate, and the like. Obviously, the skilled chemist will readily recognize that any conventional polymerization catalyst for isocyanate condensation polymerization may be employed.

The amount of catalyst employed is not critical, but usually at least about 0.001 to about 0.1 mole of catalyst per mole of primary phosphine or primary phosphine oxide is employed.

Generally, the reactions contemplated herein are carried out in the presence of an inert organic solvent, such as an aromatic hydrocarbon, including benzene, toluene, xylene, and the like, an ether, such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and the like, a halogenated hydrocarbon, such as carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethane, perchloroethane, and other similar inert solvents. such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and the like. Typical of all these solvents is the fact that under the conditions of the reaction and in the presence of the reactants and catalysts contemplated herein the solvents do not enter into reaction to any substantial degree.

While very desirable results are obtained by operating at atmospheric pressure, sub-atmospheric and superatmospheric pressures are within the purview of the present discovery. Likewise, almost any mixing sequence of the reactants is contemplated herein. In addition, the process of the instant invention may be carried out batchwise, semi-continuously or continuously.

Typical primary phosphines and primary phosphine oxides within the scope of the present invention may be found in applicants copending application Serial No. 824,169, filed July 1, 1959, now US. Patent 3,145,234, issued August 18, 1964. In this application primary phosphine oxides are prepared from their corresponding primary phosphines by the use of a peroxide, such as hydrogen peroxide, an organic peroxide and dinitrogentetroxide. Reaction is carried out in an inert atmosphere. This copending application is incorporated herewith by reference.

Among the many primary phosphines within the purview of the instant invention are phenylphosphine, cyclohexylphosph-ine, dorecylphospine, isopropylphosphine, benzylphosphine, 2-ethoxyethyl'phosphine, para -chlorophenylphosphine, methylphosphine, isobutylph-osphine, ethylphosphine, propylphosphine, butylphosphine, pentylphosphine, hexylphosphine, octylphosphine, heptylphosphine, decylphosphine, undecylphosphine, heptadecylphosphine, octadecylphosphine, etc. It follows from the above listing of phosphines that typical substitutents are lower alkoxy, halogen, phenyl, lower alkyl, and the like. According to the copending application referred to just above, these primary phosphines are converted to their corresponding primary phosphine oxides.

Representative aromatic and aliphatic diisocyanate reactants within the purview of the present discovery are 1,3 -phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, ethylene diisocyanate, tri methylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, octadecylene diisocyanate,

The novel polymers of the present invention generally have an intrinsic viscosity of at least about [n] =0.1 up

4 EXAMPLE 1r OcIyZphoSphine oxide-tluene-2,4-dii0cyana te polymer to about 3.0, the intrinsic viscosity thereof being deter- 5 To a Rurged with nitrogen of grams mined in dimethylformamide, or like solvent, at 30C. oqtylphosphme and grams 0 using a cannon Ubbelohde semi micro dilution viscome tr1ethylened1am1ne in 50 m1ll1l1ters of anhydrous benzene; ter. The molecular weight of these polymers is deter- 13 added grams WhIeHe-ZOA-dHSOCYaHat? 9' mined from their intrinsic viscosity measurements [see mole)- The sohmon 1S kept 50 and 50 Hummers Flory, Principles of Polymer Chemistry (Ithaca, N.Y.; 10 of PQ added as t lution becomes very v1scous Cornell University Press, 1953), pages 308 to 311] d and precipitates a White solid. This is filtered and tr1- i in the range f 1 00 to 1 000 000 or more, based upon turated with ether before collecting 13.5 grams of a low the viscosity measurements disclosed herein. molecular weight polymer, melting point 250 C., dec. The polymers are useful in textiles as burning or char- The solid is found insoluble in all organic solvents but. ring retarders. For example, a 1 to 10 percent solution dimethylformamide in which the intrinsic viscosity is de-' 0f the Prodllct of y of the examples 111 dlmethyltermined as in Example I, above, at 30 C. Analysis calf i o other suitable solvent, ay be m up, culated for (C H N O P) c, 60.70; H, 7.49; N, 8.32;, Thin cotton fabric when dipped in sa1d solution and P, 921' Found; C 5 H, 7.39; N, 95 P, 7 9 dried exhibits flame retardance, 1.e., the rate at wh1ch a flame front on the thus-treated fabric propagates is sig- 520 EXAMPLE III nificantly retarded, when compared in the conventional manner to an identical, only untreated, fabric standard. Isobutylphosphine-t0luene-2,4-a'iis0cyanate polymer The present invention will best be understood from the following examples: A mixture of 8.5 grams of isobutylphosphrne (0.094 25 mole) and 0.5 gram triethylenediamine dissolved in 101) EXAMPLE I milliliters of benzene is placed in a ZOO-milliliter distilling Octylplzosphinc-t0luehe-2,4-dii0cyzmate polymer flask previously purged with nitrogen. To this is addei A solution of 8.7 grams of octylphosphine (0.06 mole) am toluene'zli'diisocyanate (0994 mole) Slowly and 0.5 gram of triethylenediamine in 40 milliliters of Wlth Stirring T 8011mm} 11pm} Standm? at room benzene is placed in a ZOO-milliliter flask previously purged pemtllre Preclpltates a h t olid overnight. The ben- With nitrogen To the solution is added 1 4 grams f zene 1S refluxed for 2 hours and the mixture filtered to toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (0.06 mole) dropwise with stir- Obtain grams p of a White P Which ring. A slight exotherm is noticed and the solution decomposes at The material i insol begins to thicken and form a viscous gummy solid. The ble in most organic solvents. Analysis calculated for solution is refluxed for 5 hours and the mixture filtered C13H17NZPOZI C, 59.08; H, 6.48; N, 10.60; P, 11.72. to yield 17.9 grams of polymer, melting point 160 C.- Found: C, 59.38; H, 6.00; N, 11.73; P, 8.29. 165 C. (94 percent). An intrinisc viscosity of [n]=0.l0 is found in dimethylformamide, as determined at 30 C. EXAMPLES 1V XV using a Cannon-Ubbellohde semi-micro dilution viscometer. Analysis calculated for (C H N O P) C, 63.73; The following table further illustrates the present in- H, 7.87; N, 8.74; P, 9.67. Found: C, 63.55; H, 7.58; vention, the processes being carried out as in the ex- N, 9.63; P, 8.38. amples, above, except as indicated:

TABLE I Reactants Ratio Product Tempera According polymer Example H Catalyst Phosphme:D1- ture, C. Solvent to Example Instrinsic Phosphine Dnsocyanate isocyanate viscosity IV Cyclohexylphos- 1,3-phenylene Tripr0pylamine 1:1 Benzene I ca. 0.10.

phine. diisocyanate. V Dodecylphos- Hexamethylene Triethylenedi- 1:1 100 Dimethylform- III ca. 3.0. p ine. diisocyanate. amine. amide. VI Isopropylphos- Ethylente diiso- Trimethylamine 1.2:1 Perchl0r0ethane II ca. 0.3.

me. C 3H8 e. VII Bgnzylphosphine Tetil amethylene Triethylenedl- 1:2 130 Dimethylform- I ca. 1.5.

oxide. diisocyanate. amine. ami e. VIII Z-ethoxyethyl- Octadeoylene 1,4 dimethyl- 2:1 48 Dimethylsulfox- III ca. 2.0.

. phoisphine diisocyanate. piperzaine. ide. 0 9. IX Par si-chlorophen- Decamethylene 1,2,4-trin1ethyl- 1:1 80 Carbon tetra- III ca.0.5.

yl phosphine. diisoeyanate. piperazine. chloride. X Methylphosphine Methylenedi-p- N-ethylmorpho- 1:1 130 Xylene II ca. 0.2. oxide. phenyl diisocyline.

2118. e. l XI Pentylphosphine Biphenyl-4,4-did0 1:1 78 Benzene. I ca.0.4 oxide. isocyanate. XII Octylphosphine Pentamethylene Tributylamine 1:1 165 Dimethyliorm- I ca. 1.8.

oxide. diisocyanate. amide. XIII..- Octadecylphos- Trimethylene 'Iriethylamine 1:1 Dioxane I ca. 0.9.

phine. diisocyanate. XIV Phenylphosphine. Hexamethylene Triethylenedi- 1:1 60 Tetrahydroiuram. I ca.0.5.

diisocyanate. amine. XV Phenylphosphine 1,3-phenylene Tripropylamine... 1:1 Toluene I ca. 0.2. oxide. dlisocyanate. XVI Phenylphosphine. Hexamethylene Dibutyl tin diace- 1:1 55 THF I ca.0.4. diisocyanate. tate. XVII Cyclohexylphos- 1,3-phenylene Dibutyl tin dl- 1:1 60 THF I ca.0.15.

phine. diisocyanate. laurate.

*Intrinsic viscosity determined as described in Example I, supra, using a Cannon-Ubbelohde semlmlero dilution viscometer at 30 C.

Clearly, the instant discovery encompasses numerous modifications within the skill of the art. Consequently, while the present invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it is not intended that these details be construed as limitations upon the scope of the invention, except insofar as they appear in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A linear polyamide consisting essentially of the recurring unit structure represented by the general formula wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, lower alkoxy-substituted lower alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, halogensubstituted phenyl, and cyclohexyl;

R is a member selected from the group consisting of phenylene, tolylene, methylene di-para-phenyl, biphenyl-4,4'-, and alkylene having 6mm 2 to 10 carbon atoms;

n is selected from and 1; and

x is a value of at least 3 and up to about 4000.

2. A linear polyamide of claim 1 having an intrinsic viscosity [n] of at least about 0.1 to about 3.0.

3. A process for preparing a condensation polymer having a molecular weight of about 1600 to about 1 million which comprises reacting on RIILLHQ and R'(NCO) in the presence of an inert organic solvent and an isocyanate condensation polymerization catalyst, R in the former formula representing a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, lower alkoxy-substituted lower alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, halogen-substituted phenyl, and cyclohexyl, R in the latter formula, above, representing a member selected from the group consisting of phenylene, tolylene, methylenedi-p-phenyl, biphenyl-4,4-, and alkylene having from 2 to carbon atoms, and n is selected from 0 and l.

4. The process of claim 3 wherein the i-socyanate condensation polymerization catalyst is a tertiary amine.

5. The process of claim 3 wherein the isocyanate condensation polymerization catalyst is dibutyl tin diacetate.

6. The process of claim 3 wherein the isocyanate 0ondensation polymerization catalyst is dibutyl tin dilaurate.

7. A condensation polymer of octylphosphine and 1 toluene-2,4-diisocyanate having a molecular weight of about 1600 to about 1 million.

8. A condensation polymer of cyclohexylphosphine and 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate having a molecular weight of about 1600 to about 1 million.

9. A condensation polymer of benzylphosphine oxide and tetramethylene diisocyanate having a molecular weight of about 1600 to about 1 million.

10. A condensation polymer of phenylphosphine oxide and 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate having a molecular weight of about 1600 to about 1 million.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1/61 Buckler 260--2.5

FOREIGN PATENTS 926,268 5/63 Great Britain.

0114111111) D'IA'I'ES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No, 3,213,042 October 19, 1965 Sheldon A, Buckler et a1.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 1, line 55, for "CH read CH3-; column 2, line 28, for "solventsc" read solvents, H line 54, for "dorecylphospine" read dodecylphosphine column 3, line 17, for "up," read up, line 27, for "diiocyanate", in italics, read diisocyanate in italics; line 38, for "intrinisc" read intrinsic same column 3, line 40, for "Ubbellohde" read Ubbelohde column 4, line 3, for "diiocyanate", in italics read diisocyanate in italics; columns 3 and 4, TABLE I, under the heading "Catalyst", opposite Example VIII, for "piperzaine" read piperazine a Signed and sealed this 31st day of May 1966 (SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER EDWARD J. BRENNER Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. A LINEAR POLYAMIDE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE RECURRING UNIT STRUCTURE REPRESENTED BY THE GENERAL FORMULA
 3. A PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CONDENSATION POLYMER HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF ABOUT 1600 TO ABOUT 1 MILLION WHICH COMPRISES REACTING 